Prior versions of Oracle required a connection to the TARGET and optional rman catalog for duplicate database.
In 11GR2, we can perform RMAN duplicate database to a new server without connecting to the target database or a recovery catalog.
Steps.
1) Take backup of the database.
RMAN> Configure controlfile autobackup on;
RMAN> backup database plus archivelog;
2) Copy the backupsets to auxilliary server. ( In this example to /orabackup directory)
3) Create an init.ora for duplicate database.
4) Start auxilliary instance
$ export ORACLE_SID=NEWDB
$ sqlplus "/ as sysdba"
SQL> startup nomount;
5) Start rman and connect to auxiliary instance
rman auxiliary /
RMAN> DUPLICATE DATABASE TO NEWDB BACKUP LOCATION '/orabackup/' NOFILENAMECHECK